计及电动公交车-电池联合调度的公交换电站有序充电策略

Charging schedule optimization of electric bus swapping station considering bus-battery coordinative dispatch

伴随电动公交的规模化发展,换电模式下公交车更换下的电池充电计划的有序调控,可以作为用户侧的需求响应资源,减少大规模电动公交充电负荷接入对配电网供电能力的压力。建立公交车状态转换时序分析模型,以日为仿真周期,模拟分析电动公交线路每辆车在行驶状态、等待发车状态及换电状态间的多场景转换流程,生成全天换电需求产生的次数和对应的时间分布;以满足电动公交车的调度计划为约束,以减小系统峰谷差为控制目标,建立电动公交有序充电优化调控模型,并采用蒙特卡洛模拟法求解模型。最后以某公交线路电气化为例,仿真分析采用有序充电模型下公交线路充电负荷的优化调控效果,并分析发车间隔时间和电池配置规模对公交线路充电负荷有序调控潜力的影响。

With the largescale development of electric bus,the bus which replaces its battery can be used as a kind of demand response resource and reduce the negative impact of large electric bus charging load.A sequential model of bus status switching is built,taking a day as a cycle,the time distribution and the number of demand of swapping batteries for electric buses is obtained.An expression for calculating the adjustable interval of the battery charging plan is established,and in this section,a charging optimal model aimed at minimizing the peakvalley difference of system load is established,which would be solved by Monte Carlo.A case study of electrification of an actual bus line is carried out.The results show that the proposed model can play a role in shifting peaks.The influ?ence of departure time and battery configuration on the regulation potential of bus load control is analyzed.