休谟“同情伦理学”的当代解读

Contemporary Interpretation on Hume's Sympathetic Ethics

在道德的起源问题上,休谟延续苏格兰情感主义学派的路线,认为道德不是依据理性而是依据同情这种特殊的道德感来区别,并在此基础上构建起自己的同情伦理学。休谟首次引进心理学的研究方法,他所说的"同情"即今天心理学中的移情,是人的一种天性,是社会关系的粘合剂,社会主义和谐社会的构建不能仅靠理性的社会制度和法制建设,还要关注人们的道德心理发展,提高人们的移情能力,因为移情可以赋予社会文明的道德氛围。

On the origin of moral issues,Hume continued the route of the Scottish sentimental school.It argued that morality is not based on reason,but on sympathy,a special moral sense.Hume built up his own sympathetic ethics on this basis.Hume introduced psychological research methods for the first time,the sympathy that Hume called is today's empathy in psychology.Empathy,as a kind of human nature,is the cement of social relation.The construction of socialist harmonious society can not only rely on construction of rational social system and legal system,but also pay close attention to the people's moral psychological development and improve people's ability of empathy,for empathy can give the moral atmosphere of social civilization.