西安湿地生态消费水平与消费量占补平衡研究

Study on Requisition-Compensation Balance of Level and Quantity of Ecological Consumption of Wetland in Xi 'an

西安地处生态脆弱的黄土高原地区,西安居民是湿地生态的消费者,具有生态消费权。异地新建湿地对占用地的生态影响力低于占用湿地对当地的生态影响力,只有实现占用地生态平衡,才能保障占用地居民生态消费水平的平衡。占补湿地之间的距离与湿地指标量值对占用地生态水平和居民生态消费水平具有影响。生态消费总量占补平衡可以确保占用地与新建地居民的生态消费总量不下降,但降低了占用地的生态水平与占用地居民的生态消费水平。根据占用湿地的具体情况,严格执行不同标准的占补平衡,即生态占补平衡、生态消费总量占补平衡及生态消费水平占补平衡。在实施生态消费总量占补平衡的湿地所在地,为保护居民的生态消费权益,可以对占用地居民生态消费水平下降部分实施经济补偿。

Xi’an is located in ecologically vulnerable loess plateau,residents in Xian are the consumers of the wetland ecology and therefore have the right for the ecological consumption.The impact of the constructed wetland in another place on the ecology of the requisitioned land is smaller than that of the requisitioned wetland on the local ecology.Only ecological balance can guarantee ecological consumption balance in the requisitioned land.The distance between the constructed and the original wetlands and the values of wetland indicators have impacts on the ecology and the residents’ecological consumption in the requisitioned land.Requisition and compensation balance of the total ecological consumption can guarantee that the total ecological consumption of the residents on the requisitioned wetland and the constructed wetland does not decline,but lowers the ecological level and residents’ecological consumption in the requisitioned land.According to the specific situation of the wetland,requisition and compensation balances need to be strictly maintained at relevant standards,i.e.,ecological balance,total ecological consumption balance,and ecological consumption level balance.In the wetland location where total ecological consumption balance is implemented,in order to protect the residents’rights for ecological consumption,the lowered part of the residents’ecological consumption level in the requisitioned land can be compensated.