反乌托邦文学——对近代理性主义的质疑

Anti-Utopian Literature——the Challenge to Modern Rationalism

乌托邦文学与理性主义哲学关系十分密切,对理性世界的追求是乌托邦文学的主题。由于近代理性主义走向极端,而兴起了反乌托邦文学,它是对以科学、理性为基石的乌托邦的质疑,人类试图借助理性与科技走向绝对超越的"乌托邦",但结果却沦为理性的奴隶,近代理性对"绝对"的追求必然导致混乱和毁灭。然而,反乌托邦文学反对近代理性主义,并不是对理性主义的全盘否定和反叛,只是在批判前人基础上不断推进对事物的真理性认识的过程。据此,反乌托邦文学的盛行可以说是对于新理性哲学的呼唤,预示着理性主义的进一步发展。

Utopian literature and rationalism are very close.Pursuing rationalism is always the topic of the utopian literature.Anti-utopian literature rise because the modern rationalism go to extremes.It is the challenge to utopian literature which base on science and rationalism.It indicates a paradox of humans want use science and rationalism to go to super utopian,but in the end become the slave of tools.Anti-utopian literature against modern rationalism is not the totally repudiation and rebellion.It is a process of exploring truth based on criticized predecessors.Therefore,the bloom of anti-utopian literature can be considered the calling to the new rationalism and it indicates the further development of rationalism.