游击战为主向运动战为主的转变——从上党战役到平汉战役

The Transformation from Guerrilla Warfare to Mobile Warfare: From the Battle of Shangdang to the Battle of Pinghan

抗战胜利后,是谁首先挑起了内战?为什么八年来一直分散在各地从事游击战争的中共军队,能够在全面内战爆发前的很短时间内迅速集中起来,组成强大的野战部队,以运动战的方式战胜进攻解放区的国民党正规兵团?而蒋介石在处理上党战役和平汉战役的态度又有哪些不同?这两次战役对整个解放战争又产生了怎样的影响?这是本文试图回答的问题。

This article is aimed at answering the following questions. After the victory of the War of Resistance,who initiated the civil war? Why could the Liberation Army,which scattered in different places to engage in guerrilla warfare in the past eight years,swiftly gather to form powerful field forces before the outbreak of the civil war? How could the Communist field forces defeat the well-trained Guomindang army that attacked the liberated areas with the method of mobile warfare? What were the differences in Chiang Kai-shek's attitudes toward the Battle of Shangdang and the Battle of Pinghan? How did the two battles influence the whole civil war?