阳春市中青年脑卒中患者健康行为及其影响因素调查分析

The investigation and analysis of health behavior and its influencing factors among young and middle-aged stroke patients in Yangchun city

目的:研究我市中青年脑卒中患者健康行为并分析其影响因素。方法:选取2016年8月至2017年8月我市人民医院神经内科住院治疗的本地中青年脑卒中患者100例作为研究对象。采用健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ检测患者健康行为情况;采用基本资料调查表对患者的年龄、性别、民族、吸烟、饮酒、饮食控制、婚姻情况、受教育程度、医保类型以及月收入等进行分析;采用家庭亲密度和适应性量表进行问卷调查分析。同时分析患者健康行为评分与各项基本资料、家庭亲密度、家庭适应性以及自我效能感的关系,并进行多因素logistic回归分析。结果:100例患者健康行为各维度评分按照从高到低的顺序分别为人际关系、自我实现、营养、压力应对、健康责任以及运动。年龄、性别、婚姻情况、受教育程度、医保类型、月收入、家庭亲密度、家庭适应性以及自我效能感均对患者健康行为有影响(P<0.05)。根据多因素logistic回归性分析结果显示,影响我市中青年脑卒中患者健康行为的因素包括年龄、月收入、家庭适应性以及自我效能感(P<0.05)。结论:我市中青年脑卒中患者健康行为状况不容乐观,护理人员在对患者进行干预时,应着重针对年龄、月收入、家庭适应性以及自我效能感等因素制定针对性方案,以改善患者健康行为水平。

Objective:To study the health behavior of young and middle-aged stroke patients in our city and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:To select 100 local stroke patients treated in the department of neurology,people's hospital of our city as study subjects from August 2016 to August 2017.Health promotion lifestyle scale II was used to test patients’health behaviors;the basic information questionnaire was used to analyze the patient's age,gender,ethnicity,smoking,drinking,diet control,marital status,education level,type of health insurance,and monthly income.A questionnaire analysis was conducted using the family intimacy and adaptability scale.At the same time,the relationship between patient health behavior scores and basic data,family intimacy,family adaptability,and self-efficacy were analyzed,and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed.Results:The scores of each dimension of health behaviors in 100 patients were interpersonal relationship,self-realization,nutrition,stress response,health responsibility,and exercise by the descending order.Age,gender,marital status,education level,type of health insurance,monthly income,family intimacy,family adaptability,and self-efficacy all had an impact on the health behavior of patients(P<0.05).According to the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis,the factors affecting the health behavior of young and middle-aged stroke patients in the city include age,monthly income,family adaptability,and self-efficacy(P<0.05).Conclusion:The health behaviors of young and middle-aged patients with stroke in the city were not optimistic.In the intervention of patients,nursing staff should focus on factors such as age,monthly income,family adaptability,and self-efficacy in order to improve patient health and the level of behavior.