解剖学观察血管灌注后头颅模型眉下区上睑支的来源及走行区域

Origin and trend of the upper eyelid artery in the eyelid region of a skull model after blood reperfusion: an anatomical observation

背景:上睑皮瓣转移相关血管如颞浅动脉、滑车上动脉、眶上动脉主干均有详细报道,上睑支血管解剖对眉下区手术日益重要,但目前缺乏对上睑支动脉的解剖分析。目的:解剖测量位于眉下区的上睑支动脉血管位置,为邻近皮瓣转移提供解剖学依据。方法:解剖20侧成人头颅模型标本,以内眦连线为X轴,面中线为Y轴建立坐标系,用注射器将红色乳胶溶液经颈总动脉灌注头颅模型,定点(A-E)测量眉下区上睑支动脉的位置。结果与结论:(1)眉下区上睑支动脉主要是滑车上动脉或眶上动脉的分支,与X轴大致平行;(2)来源于滑车上动脉的上睑支起始处位于内眦投影处,血管全长约为24.50 mm,发出点管径为0.51 mm,向外眦延伸并且血管管径逐渐缩小;(3)来源于眶上动脉的上睑支起始于瞳孔和内眦交点1/2投影处,血管全长为23-24.6 mm,发出点管径0.55±0.05 mm;(4)由解剖经血管灌注后的头颅模型得出眉下区上睑支的来源及走行区域,为上睑皮肤的皮瓣转移提供详细的解剖学依据。

BACKGROUND:Upper eyelid flap grafting-related vessels such as superficial temporal artery,supratrochlear artery,supraorbital artery trunk are reported.Upper eyelid artery dissection is becoming more and more important for the surgery on the eyelid,but there is a lack of anatomical analysis of upper eyelid artery.OBJECTIVE:To measure the anatomical position of the upper eyelid artery in the eyelid region,and to provide anatomical basis for adjacent flap grafting.METHODS:Twenty adult skull specimens were dissected,and a reference coordinate system was made based on the inner canthus connection for the X axis,and the center line for the Y axis.The red lactoprene was injected into the skull model via common carotid artery.The locations A-E of the upper eyelid artery in the eyelid area were measured.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The upper eyelid artery in the eyelid area was mainly from the supratrochlear artery and the supraorbital artery,generally paralleling to the X axis.The upper eyelid branch originated from the supratrochlear artery was located at the projection of the inner canthus,with a total length of 24.50 mm,and a diameter of 0.51 mm,extended to the outer canthus and the diameter of the vessel gradually reduced.The upper eyelid branch originated from the supraorbital artery was located at pupil and inner canthus junction 1/2 projection.The total length of the blood vessels was about 23-24.6 mm,and the diameter of the blood vessels was(0.55±0.05)mm.In the current study,we obtained the surface projecting of upper eyelid artery in the eyelid area by establishing the skull model of blood perfusion,which provides an anatomic basis for upper eyelid flap grafting.