运动对原发性骨质疏松症的干预与机制

Intervention and mechanism of exercises on primary osteoporosis

背景:由年龄的增长所引发原发性骨质疏松症的患病人数日益增多,原发性骨质疏松症所引起的并发症必将成为影响人类健康的公共问题,因此对于它的防治已经成为医学领域的研究热点。目的:理清运动对原发性骨质疏松症的良性干预机制。用文献法和逻辑思维法来分析躯体运动影响原发性骨质疏松症的机制,找出其中的良性干预机制,来为广大患者和科研医务工作者提供理论参考。方法:检索1990至2015年Elsevier Science-direct数据库、美国《医学索引》(Medline)、荷兰《医学文摘》(EM)、中国知网数据库、中国期刊全文数据库相关文献,检索关键词为:运动或骨质疏松症或营养或激素或抑郁症等。共检索到756篇文章,根据纳入和排除标准,共纳入典型文章52篇进行分析讨论。结果与结论:(1)原发性骨质疏松症受激素、营养、运动、生活方式和心理的影响;(2)运动能够介导激素的分泌来调节骨量,能够作为一种物理刺激直接影响骨代谢,通过影响营养物质的吸收来维持正常骨量;(3)运动作为体育学科概念的载体对人类的生活方式和心理都会产生积极的影响进而影响骨健康。因此科学合理的运动对原发性骨质疏松症有着良性的干预机制,可以用来预防原发性骨质疏松症。

BACKGROUND:With the acceleration of aging population in the world,the prevalence of primary osteoporosis is increasing.Complications induced by primary osteoporosis will be a key public health problem,so its prevention and treatment is an issue of concern in the medical field.OBJECTIVE:To clarify the benign intervention mechanism of exercises on primary osteoporosis,and to analyze the mechanism of exercise effects on primary osteoporosis by literature and logical thinking methods,so as to find out the benign intervention mechanism,thereby providing theoretical reference for the patients and surgeons.METHODS:A computer-based online search was conducted in Elsevier Science-direct,Medline,EM,CNKI,and CJFD databases using the key words of“sports,osteoporosis,nutrition,hormone,depression”in English and Chinese,respectively.The search years ranged from 1990 to 2015.Totally 756 relevant articles were screened,and 52 eligible articles were finally included for analysis and discussion.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Primary osteoporosis is affected by hormone,nutrition,exercise,lifestyle and psychological factors.Exercises can mediate the secretion of hormones to regulate bone mass,which is a kind of direct physical stimulation to bone metabolism,further affecting the absorption of nutrients to maintain bone mass.Exercise makes active effect on lifestyle and psychology,thus affecting bone health.Therefore,the scientific and reasonable exercise has a benign intervention action on primary osteoporosis,and can be used to prevent primary osteoporosis.