东京求学与初涉文坛:日本女作家野上弥生子的明治时代

Schooling in Tokyo and Initial Foray into Literature:the Meiji Era of Japanese Female Writer Yaeko Nogami

野上弥生子是日本乃至世界历史上都少有的长寿女性作家,其文学生涯跨越日本的明治、大正、昭和三个时代。明治时代是野上弥生子文学的起点。弥生子在明治时代求学于明治女学校,并与野上丰一郎组建起新式知识分子家庭。对弥生子来说,家庭的意义不只局限于做传统意义上的"贤妻良母",而且为其个人成长提供了可能。弥生子在明治时代的作品大多以女性视角描述自身以及周边的日常生活。明治末年,日本第一份由女性创办的文艺杂志《青鞜》创刊。但弥生子与该杂志保持了一定距离,从中可以窥见弥生子对女性运动所持有的相对保守的态度。

Yaeko Nogami was a female writer with longevity in Japan and even in the world history.Her literary career crossed three Japanese times,namely Meiji,Taisho and Showa.Meiji era is the starting point of Yaeko Nogami's literature.In the Meiji era,she studied in Meiji Girls'School,and set up a new intellectual family with Toyoichiro Nogami.To Yaeko,the meaning of family is not limited to the tradition"a good wife and good mother",and it makes her personal growth possible.Most of Yaeko's works in the Meiji era describe themselves and their daily lives from the female perspective.At the end of the Meiji era,as the first female literary magazine in Japan,"bluestocking"was founded.But Yaeko kept a distance from the magazine,and we can realize her relatively conservative attitude towards the women's movement from here.