准自然血亲的提出及其法律意义

Definition of quasi-natural blood relationship and its legal significance

现代人类辅助生殖技术的发展引起家庭关系血缘构成的复杂性,法律制度如何应对这一局面受到极大的挑战。通过辅助生殖技术出生的子女法律地位如何认同、该种子女与其父母之间属何种血亲关系等,都成为传统婚姻家庭法难以解决的问题。通过对医学、社会学以及法学的交叉分析,认为利用辅助生殖技术而形成的血亲关系,在生物关系上与拟制血亲相同,在社会关系上与自然血亲相同,从而构建出法学上的第三种血亲类别——准自然血亲。准自然血亲的独特法律性质是,亲子关系之间虽然没有血缘联系,但具有不可解除的法律效力,其根据在于子女的生命形成决定。这成为因辅助生殖技术而形成的亲子关系得以确立与维持的根据。

The development of modern human assisted reproduction technology results in the complexity of family relationship which constitutes a big challenge to the existing legal system.How to identify the legal status of children borne by assisted reproduction technology,and what is the blood relationship between such children and their parents are tough issues which the traditional marriage and family laws cannot solve.Through the interdisciplinary analysis based on theories of medicine,sociology and jurisprudence,this essay holds that the blood relationship formed by the assisted reproduction technology is the same as that of the quasi-blood in terms of biological relation,and is the same as the natural blood in terms of social relations,thus,the third type of quasi-natural blood relationship whose unique legal nature is as follows:though there is no blood connection between parents and children,the legal effects,the basis of which is the creation of the children’s lives,are irrevocable.It is this legal nature that becomes the basis for the establishment and maintenance of the parent-children relationships formed by assisted reproduction technology.