失能失智老人护理员负性情绪来源及缓解方式的质性研究

Sources and Mitigation of Negative Emotion of Caregivers of Elders with Disabilities or Dementia:A Qualitative Study

目的探究医院及养老机构中失能失智老人护理员的负性情绪来源及其缓解方式。方法采用现象学研究方法,对13名失能失智老人护理员进行深度访谈、现场录音及笔录,运用Colaizzi现象学7步分析法对收集的资料进行分析。结果经过不断分析比对,失能失智老人护理员负性情绪来源共析出3个亚主题:实施照顾困难;职业中的获得感不足;合作者支持不足。缓解方式共析出2个亚主题:认知调整;情绪排解。结论失能失智老人护理员负性情绪来源有其特殊性,有效处理情绪能力不足;护士及管理者应正视合作关系,抓住负性情绪的来源,有针对性地削弱不良问题的影响并尽力营造有系统支持的工作环境。

Objective To investigate the sources and mitigation of negative emotion in caregivers of elders with disabilities or dementia.Methods A semi-structured in-depth interview was conducted with 13 formal caregivers from a hospital and a nursing home.Data were analyzed by the Colaizzi 7 steps of phenomenological data analysis.Results Three themes were extracted:1.caregiving difficulties;2.lacking of professional fulfillments;3.lacking of support from cooperators.Two sub-themes were extracted in mitigation:1.cognitive adjusting;2.emotional relieving.Conclusion The sources of negative emotion in caregivers have its own characteristics,and they are lacking of the effective coping strategies.The nurses and managers should pay attention to the cooperative relationship with caregivers to eliminate the negative influence on caregivers accordingly and building up a supportive and inspiring working environment.