分权式改革会缩小城乡收入差距吗?——基于不同经济赶超省份的分组比较分析

Can Decentralization Reform Narrow the Urban-rural Income Gap?——A Grouping Comparison in Different Economic Catch-up Provincial-level Administrative Areas

分权式改革是实现我国区域经济协调发展的重要制度安排,在致力于发展区域经济的同时,会对区域内部城乡收入差距产生何种影响?文章通过理论模型和静动态面板数据模型分析了财政分权、经济分权和行政分权对城乡收入差距的影响机制,结果发现:三种分权式改革均有利于地区城乡收入差距收敛,但其影响效应具有的"政府城乡行为偏向性"特征会进一步抑制城乡收入差距的缩小;对不同经济赶超省份的分组比较还发现,地区经济赶超水平越高,分权式改革将更大程度地抑制城乡收入差距的缩小,且以分权式改革缩小城乡收入差距为代表的中央政府战略统筹决策对地方政府经济赶超因素的抵御效应有限。因此,要继续强化中央政府战略统筹决策力度,尤其是对经济赶超水平较高的地区,提高政策的执行力度和监管力度,努力创造条件让分权式改革在缩小收入差距方面发挥更大的作用。

Decentralization reform is an important institutional arrangement to achieve regional economic development in China.In the development of regional economy,what impact will it have on the income gap between urban and rural areas?This paper,through the theoretical model and the static and dynamic panel data model,analyzes the influential mechanism of fiscal decentralization,economic decentralization and administrative decentralization on the urban-rural income gap.The results show that:Three types of decentralization reform are conducive to the convergence of the urban-rural income gap,but their impacts with the characteristics of“government rural-urban behavior bias”further restrain to narrow the urban-rural income gap;A grouping comparison in different economic catch-up provincial-level administrative areas also finds that the higher the level of economic catch-up,the higher the degree of decentralization reform restraining the narrowing of the urban-rural income gap,and the central government s strategic overall planning decision-making,represented by the decentralization reform to narrow the urban-rural income gap,has a limited resistance to the economic catch-up factors of the local governments.Therefore,it is necessary to continue to strengthen the central government s strategic overall planning decision-making efforts,especially for the high level of economic catch-up areas,improve the policy enforcement and supervision,and create the conditions for the decentralization reform to play a greater role in narrowing the income gap.