辽河干流生物完整性评价

Biological Integrity Evaluation of Liaohe River

辽河干流生物完整性评价体系的建立结合了其河流自身特点,因地制宜的选取评价指标,目的在于为实现辽河的综合规划及治理提供参考依据。本研究综合比较国内外河流评价方法及评价指标,从生态系统组成成分、能量流动和河流服务功能3个方面选取指标作为候选指标。通过对文献篇数赋值的均值与标准差计算筛选,从20个候选指标中筛选出9个指标建立生物完整性评价体系,分别为斑块破碎度指数、景观多样性指数、栖境复杂性、指示物种保持率、珍稀物种保持率、鱼类多样性指数、底栖多样性指数、水生生境干扰指数和外来入侵物种危害程度。利用综合评价法对2012年和2016年辽河干流生物完整性进行评价,结果表明:2016年辽河干流生物完整性整体表现为Ⅱ级(良好),其中福德店和三合屯评价结果为Ⅰ级(优秀),朱尔山、马虎山和曙光大桥评价结果为Ⅱ级(良好),双安桥、石佛寺、红庙子和大张评价结果为Ⅲ级(一般),兴安评价结果为Ⅳ级(较差);2012年辽河干流生物完整性评价结果以Ⅲ级(一般)和Ⅳ级(较差)为主,其中福德店、三合屯、双安桥和曙光评价结果为Ⅲ级(一般),朱尔山、石佛寺、马虎山、红庙子和大张评价结果为Ⅳ级(较差),兴安评价结果为Ⅴ级(差)。该评价结果为研究者及管理者进一步准确识别辽河干流生物完整性状况,开展相关生态修复工作提供参考依据。

The biological integrity evaluation of Liaohe River,selecting evaluation factors due to its own characters,is aimed to provide reference for the comprehensive planning and management.The results of evaluation of biological integrity of Liaohe River were drawn by comparing the methods and indices of China and abroad,selecting the factors from three aspects,including the ecosystem composition,energy flow and river services.Nine indices from 20 candidate indices were selected by calculating the mean value and standard deviation of document number assignment,including fragmentation of patch types,landscape diversity index,habitat complexity,indicative species retention rate,rare species retention rate,index of biological integrity of fish,index of biological integrity of zoo benthos,interference index of aquatic habitat and hazard rating of invasive species.The comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the biological integrity in 2012 and 2016.The result showed that the biological integrity of the Liaohe River protected area in 2016 was Class II(good),with the integrity assessment of Class(excellent)in Fudedian and Sanhetun,Class II in Zhuershan,Mahushan and Shuguang bridge,Class III(general)in Shuanganqiao,Shifosi,Hongmiaozi and Dazhang,and Class IV(poor)in Xingan.;The biological integrity of the Liaohe River protected area in 2012 was Class III and Class IV,with the integrity assessment of Class III in Fudedian,Sanhetun,Shuanganqiao and Shuguang bridge,Class IV in Zhuershan,Shifosi,Mahushan,Hongmiaozi and Dazhang,and Class V(very poor)in Xingan.The evaluation results could be referred for researchers and managers to identify the health status and carry out ecological restoration work.