负重型阻力背心对自由泳训练影响的生物力学研究

Biomechanics Study of Impact of Weight-Bearing Resistance Vest on Freestyle Training

目的:探讨一种新的负重型阻力背心对自由泳训练的影响.方法:以12名男子游泳二级运动员为研究对象,采用随机交叉顺序分别在使用和不使用负重型阻力背心2种状态下进行50m自由泳冲刺实验,用3台高速摄影机进行全程拍摄,并运用图像解析系统获取相应的运动学参数.结果:穿负重型阻力背心者在50m自由泳整个距离的冲刺实验中划幅显著小于不穿者;穿负重型阻力背心者在0~10m、20~30m及30~40m距离段的划频显著高于不穿者,而在40~50m距离段,穿负重型阻力背心者的划频则显著低于不穿者;在0~10m距离段,穿负重型阻力背心者的游速显著高于不穿者,而在10~20m,30~40m及40~50m距离段,穿负重型阻力背心者的游速显著低于不穿者.结论:穿负重型阻力背心进行自由泳训练会导致划幅缩短,游速减慢,且在40~50m的划幅及划频显著降低,证明负重型阻力背心对提升自由泳训练是有效的.

To discuss the effect of a new weight-bearing resistance vest on freestyle training,12 men's swimming second-level athlete has been chosen as the object of study,in random order cross way,respectively,with or without the weight-bearing resistance vest for experiment of 50 meters freestyle,and filmed with three high-speed camera,obtain kinematics parameters by visual fast motion image analytical system.In the experiment of the total distance of the 50 meters freestyle,the weight-bearing resistance vest wearer stroke length was significantly less than the non-wearer;the stroke frequency was significantly higher than the non-wearer in 0 to 10 meters,20 to 30 meters and 30 to 40 meters distance;but in 40 and 50 meters distance,the stroke frequency was significantly less than the non-wearer.In 0 to 10 meters distance,the weight-bearing resistance vest wearer speed was significantly higher than the non-wearer,but in 10 to 20 meters,30 to 40 meters and 40 to 50 meters distance,the speed was significantly below the non-wearer.It is concluded that wearing the weight-bearing resistance vest on freestyle training can lead to stroking length shortening,and making swimming at a slower pace,and in the 40 to 50 meters stroke length and stroke frequency decreased significantly.It s proved that the weight-bearing resistance vest is effective on freestyle training.[