关于中国推进实施可持续发展目标的若干思考

Some thoughts on promoting the implementation of sustainable development goals in China

千年发展目标(MDGs)的实施有效地推动了全球尤其是欠发达国家在减贫、教育、医疗、改善饮用水源等方面的发展,但是一些全球性问题仍然严峻,社会经济的不平衡发展、不公平性等问题在不同的地区不断深化。2015年,联合国通过了2016—2030年全球可持续发展目标(SDGs),对全球包括发达国家和发展中国家的可持续发展提出了新的目标和要求。本文提出了推进实施全球可持续发展目标(SDGs)面临的八项主要挑战,分别是"制定科学的衡量目标的指标体系""如何将SDGs纳入国民经济与社会发展规划""保障实施SDGs的融资能力""可持续发展指标的综合观测和获取能力""加强监测数据规范与评估能力""建立衡量社会进步的科学指标和方法""权衡不同目标间的冲突问题""如何将视角从陆地转向海洋和海岸带资源的可持续利用"等。为推动落实联合国2030年可持续发展议程,本文从基本原则、推进方法和政策保障三个方面,提出了有关中国推进实施国家可持续发展议程创新示范区的基本思路。

Millennium Development Goals(MDGs)have played an important role in promoting the global development,especially in the areas of poverty reduction,education,health,and drinking water quality improvement in the less developed countries.However,some global problems remain serious,unbalanced economic development,social inequity,and other new issues are emerging in different regions.To address these emerging issues,in2015,the United Nations adopted the post-2015agenda on sustainable development goals(SDGs)for2016-2030,which proposed new goals and requirements for the global sustainable development including both the developed and developing countries.This paper presented eight major challenges for implementing the SDGs,including‘how to develop scientific measurement system for SDGs’,‘how to incorporate SDGs into the national economic and social development plan’,‘integrated observation and acquisition capabilities’,‘strengthening normalization of monitoring data and evaluation capability’,‘establishing quantitative indicators and methods for evaluation of social progress’,‘tradeoff between different conflicting goals’,and‘more emphasis on sustainable utilization of marine and coastal resources’.To promote the implementation of UN SDGs in China,this paper presented some thoughtful ideas for establishing the innovation driven demonstration zones from three perspectives:basic principles,implementation methodology,and policy systems.