农村环境基础设施建设现状的农民满意度分析——基于陕西省陕北、关中、陕南三大区域比较视角

Analysis of farmers' satisfaction toward the rural environment infrastructure construction status

近年来,陕西农村环境基础设施不断完善,但大部分地区的设施建设仍然滞后,并在设施项目选择上表现出明显的区域差异,这成为制约农民生活质量提高和区域生态环境保护的瓶颈。鉴于此,采用区域研究和比较研究法,选取陕北、关中、陕南三大区域行政村38个,走访农户298户,通过收回的861份调查问卷来考查陕西农村环境基础设施建设现状、分析农民对现有环境基础设施满意度、获取农村环境基础设施村民需求。研究结果表明:三大区域供水设施、生活垃圾处理设施和生活污水处理设施建设状况存在较大差别;农民对环境基础设施的整体满意度较低,处于不满意等级,但不同区域具体情况不同;不同区域农民对农村环境基础设施的偏好存在明显差异。政策方面,地方政府应加大对相关设施的投资与建设力度,结合实际,有所侧重,补足短板,做好设施的运行、维护和管理工作,满足农民需求,注重政策的协调作用,不断提高农民满意度。

Shaanxi rural environment infrastructure has continuously improved but has still lagged behind and displayed obvious regional differences in the infrastructure projects selection in recent years,which has become the bottleneck of farmers life quality improvement and regional ecological environment protection.By regional and comparative method and selecting 38 villages in Shanbei area,Guanzhong area and Shannan area,visiting 298 farmer households,recycling 861 questionnaires the article made investigation on Shaanxi rural environment infrastructure construction situation and made analysis on the farmers satisfaction about infrastructure environment.The results show that:1)There are big differences in water supply facilities,life garbage disposal facilities and sewage treatment facilities construction conditions;2)The farmers'overall satisfaction is lower,but different in different areas;3)Different regional farmers'preferences exist.Local government should intensify investment in facilities and construction deal with the operation,maintenance and management of facilities,meet farmers'demands and pay attention to the coordination of policy,thus improving farmers'satisfaction constantly.