清代盐业管理与流通政策

Management and Circulation Policy of Salt Industry in Qing Dynasty

清代承袭古制,设专卖事项,盐、茶、铜等均为国有,通商经济,则由商人代办。清代盐业运销方式多样,以官督商销最为普遍;行销须凭盐引,按引行盐;私盐名目繁多,缉私任务繁重。清代政府的盐业管理和流通政策尚属合理正常,但仍有不少流弊。

The Qing Dynasty followed the ancient system,salt,tea,copper and so on are all owned and monopolized by the state.Sales and transportation are handled by the merchants.In Qing Dynasty,salt industry was transported and sold in a variety of ways,with the most common way of sales by merchants and supervision by officials.The marketing of salt relied on salt lead.Illegal salt has a wide variety of names,so it is an arduous task to suppress smuggling.The management and circulation policy of salt industry in the Qing Dynasty is relatively reasonable and normal,yet with many abuses.