“中国制造2025”与应用技术型院校工科学生认知思维发展研究

On Engineering Students' Epistemological Development in Application-Oriented Colleges Under “Made in China 2025” Strategy

实现从"工业制造大国"到"工业制造强国"的转变,培育大批创新型、复合型工程领军人才是我国实现工业转型和提高国际竞争力的关键。工程人才的认知发展水平是制约其工程能力的重要因素。目前我国对应用技术型院校工科学生思维发展现状的实证研究尚处于初步探索阶段。文章以实证研究为主体,借鉴西方现代认知发展理论,以《工科学生认知发展测量问卷》为测量工具调查东营市职业学院工科学生认知思维方式发展现状,探索和挖掘了与工科学生认知思维方式发展相关的潜在因素。研究表明,78.3%的学生认知发展水平处于高阶认知思维阶段,影响工科学生认知思维方式发展的因素主要有性别、学习阶段、年龄、成长背景、企业实习等。文章论述了东营市职业学院为应对"中国制造2025"战略采取了各项实践改革措施。

Realizing the transformation from a big to powerful manufacturing countryand nurturing a large number of innovative and inter-disciplinary engineering leaders are the keys to our country's industrial restructuring and international competitiveness. The level of cognitive development of engineering talent is an important factor that restricts student's ability. The previous studies on the engineering students' epistemological development in application-oriented colleges are still at a pioneering state. Pery's theory for adult cognitive development and a questionnaire method were adopted to measure the engineering students' epistemological development in Dongyiing Vocational College. The research suggested that a majority of students had developed advanced thinking styles according to Perry's scale. The main factors influencing the development of engineering students' cognitive thinking include gender,learning stage,age,growth background,business internship and "Made in China 2025" strategy reform measures.