某三级综合医院临床常见多重耐药菌分布及耐药分析

Distribution and analysis of clinical multi-drug resistant bacteria in a comprehensive hospital

目的了解临床常见多重耐药菌(MDROS)分布特点,为临床控制感染、合理使用抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法调查并回顾性分析连续3年该院MDROS分布情况。结果对2014-2016年临床标本共分离非重复菌19 354株,MDROS 4 234株,占总菌株数的21.9%。其中以产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)的大肠埃希菌居首位,其他依次为耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌(MDR-AB)、产ESBLs的肺炎克雷伯菌、多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌(MDR-PA)、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)、耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌科细菌(CRE)、耐万古霉素肠球菌(VRE)。MDROS主要集中在ICU等感染高危科室,以呼吸系统标本为主,其次为泌尿系统标本。结论MDROS日益增多,临床应重视细菌学检查,掌握院内临床分离病原微生物耐药性的动态,应根据细菌药敏结果合理应用抗菌药物,并需加强抗菌药物的管理和多重耐药的监测。

Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of clinical multi-drug resistant bacteria,provide a scientific evidence for control of infection and rational use of antibiotics.Methods The distribution of multi-drug resistant bacteria in the hospital for three years was analyzed retrospectively.Results There were 19 354 non-repeating strains from 2014 to 2016,and 21.9%(4 234)of the total strains were multiple resistant strains.Among them,ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli was the most,followed by carbapene-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(MDR-AB),ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae,multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa(MDR-AB),Production of carbapene-enzyme Enterobacteriaceae bacteria(CRE),vancomycin-resistant enterococci(VRE),concentrate mainly on the ICU for high-risk areas of infection.The most were from the respiratory system specimens,followed by the urinary system specimens.Conclusion Multiple resistant bacteria are growing critical.There should be more attention to be paid in bacteriological examination for clinic,the clinical isolation of pathogenic microorganisms in the hospital should be grasped.The antimicrobial agents should be rationally applied according to the results of bacterial susceptibility,in addition the management of antimicrobial agents and multi-drug monitoring should be strengthened.