二氧化硅气凝胶材料在建筑领域的应用研究及发展概述

Overview of the Application and Development of Silica Aerogel Material in the Building Field

二氧化硅(SiO_2)气凝胶具有很多独特的性能,在建筑领域有着广阔的应用前景。从原材料选择、制备工艺和干燥方法等方面综述了SiO_2气凝胶的研究现状,简单介绍了SiO_2气凝胶的改性措施和复合方法,重点论述了SiO_2气凝胶材料在建筑领域的应用形式和研究进展,分析了SiO_2气凝胶在建筑领域应用中存在的问题及解决途径,并对其在建筑领域的应用前景进行了展望。

The silica aerogel has many unique properties,including the low density,low thermal conductivity,high transmittance,high porosity and high specific surface area as well as the character of fire prevention,etc.It has a broad application prospect in the field of building industry.This thesis reviews the research status of silica aerogel from the raw material selection,preparation technology and drying methods,and briefly introduces its modification measures and composite methods.It mainly focuses on the application and research progress of silica aerogel in the building field using silica aerogel building energy-saving glass,silica aerogel coatings,silica aerogel felts,silica aerogel plates and silica aerogel materials such as concrete and mortar.It also discusses existing problems and the solutions in the application.Besides,it forecasts the application prospect of silica aerogel materials in the building heat preservation and thermal insulation.