斜坡式海堤结构尺度对越浪量的影响研究

Research on effects of structural scale on wave overtopping of sloping seawall

为系统研究坡式海堤结构尺度对越浪量的影响,开展了相关波浪水槽试验,在观察越浪量试验现象的基础上,分别研究了斜坡坡度、防浪墙顶超高、防浪墙高度对斜坡式海堤越浪量的影响。结果表明:防浪墙顶超高对越浪量的影响最为显著,越浪量随防浪墙顶超高的增大而减小,且减小趋势随之变缓,无量纲形式下的越浪量随相对防浪墙顶超高的增大呈现较明显的指数递减关系;随着斜坡坡度的增大,因斜坡面上损耗能量的增加大于反射能量的减少,越浪量总体呈现减小的变化趋势,斜坡坡度对越浪量的影响不及防浪墙顶超高;防浪墙顶超高一旦确定,防浪墙高度对越浪量的影响相对较小。

To systematically study the effect of structural scale on wave overtopping of sloping seawall,related wave flume test is carried out.On the basis of observing the test phenomenon,the influence of slope gradient,extra-height of top parapet?wall and the parapet?wall height on wave overtopping of sloping seawall are studied.The result shows that extra-height of top parapet?wall has the most significant effect on wave overtopping.Wave overtopping decreases with the increase of the top parapet?wall extra-height in a slowly decreasing trend,that the wave overtopping and the relative extra-height of top parapet?wall exhibit an exponential decline in a dimensionless form.Because the increase of dissipated energy on the slope is greater than the reduction of reflected energy,the wave overtopping is generally reduced with the increase of the slope gradient,and the effect of the slope gradient on wave overtopping is smaller than the extra-height of top parapet wall.While the extra-height of top parapet wall is confirmed,the effect of the height of parapet?wall on wave overtopping is relatively small.