浅议统计语言学在作家语言风格研究中的实际应用

A Discussion about the Practical Application of Statistical Linguistics in the Study of Writer's Language Style

统计语言学是应用统计数学的方法来研究语言现象的语言学科,研究领域广泛,学界常常运用统计语言学,通过分析语言单位的出现频率及作家的用词频率、词长分布和句长分布,确定作家的写作风格。通过"判定《静静的顿河》作者""证明《红楼梦》是否出自一人之手"两个案例可以看出,统计语言学的研究方法在进入文学研究领域后,取得了非常好的实用效果。但是,在实际应用中,除了各类词汇等可控变量,还有其他潜在因素导致统计语言学的结论有时并非绝对精准。通过进行多方面、深层次地原因分析和推断,我们发现,要得到准确的研究结果,必须做好研究的前期准备,要选择具有相似语言环境的语料,要注意避开文学语言的形象思维影响,不能滥用统计语言学研究方法,并在操作过程中严格控制各种变量,以科学的思想指导研究。

Statistical linguistics is a linguistic subject that uses statistical methods to study linguistic phenomena.It has a wide range of fields of study.Scholars often use statistical linguistics to determine the frequency of linguistic units,the frequency of the writer’s words,the distribution of the length of words and the distribution of the length of the sentences,Writer’s writing style.It can be seen from the two cases that the judgmentonauthor of Quiet Flows the Donand proving A Dream of Red Chamberscome from the hand of one writer.It can be seen that the statistical linguistics research method has achieved very good practicality after entering the field of literature research effect.However,in practical applications,there are other potential factors besides the controllable variables such as various kinds of vocabularies,which sometimes leads to the conclusion that statistical linguistics is not always accurate.Through multi-faceted and deep-rooted reason analysis and inference,we find that in order to get accurate research results,we must make preparations for the study.To select the corpus with similar linguistic environment,we should pay attention to avoid the influence of the image thinking of the literary language,Statistical linguistics can not be abused,strictly controlling various variables in the course of operation and guiding scientific research.