新中国工科高等教育初创经验研究——以1956-1966年的X钢铁学院为例

Study on the Initial Experience of Higher Engineering Education in New China

新中国工科高等教育起步于社会主义工业化初期。1956-1966年的X钢铁学院是当时工科高等教育的缩影。该校以"资源←→产业←→教育"为导向逻辑,在建校指导思想、专业设置、课程设置、招生、思想教育、实习实践等教育的各个环节均一以贯之,创造了"资源开发←→产业勃兴←→教育发展"的多赢局面,完成了"扎根社会、服务社会、改造社会"的历史使命。一方面,这实现了国家制度与工科高等教育之间的相互证成;另一方面,这也为当时和之后其他工科高等教育的发展留下了弥足珍贵的实践经验和精神遗产。

The start-up socialist industrialization in new China is a typical period during which the experience of newly established higher engineering education has formed.From 1956 to 1966,the X Iron and Steel College was considered an epitome in higher education of engineering.Under the policy guidance of"resource,industry,education"袁the college adhered to put it into effect in all aspects such as guiding ideology,specialty setting,curriculum,admissions,ideology education,and practice.Therefore,it created the win-win situation of"resource development,industrial prosperity,education development",and completed the historical mission of"rooting in society,serving society,and transforming society".It left a valuable practical experience and spiritual heritage to the other development of engineering education for latter generations.