世界一流学科形成的影响要素研究

The Research on Essential Factors of the Formation of World-class Disciplines

大学的核心单位以学科为中心,世界一流大学必定拥有世界一流学科。建设世界一流学科是我国高等教育改革与发展的经典命题,对一流学科形成的影响要素分析能够为"怎样建设世界一流学科"提供经验借鉴。通过对几所世界一流大学一流学科的研究发现,影响世界一流学科形成的要素主要有以下几点:追求学术卓越与优异的学科发展理念;办学者的胆识、眼光促成学科突破口的选择;拥有杰出学术创造力的学术领军人物是形成一流学科的关键;拥有世界一流标志性成果;多学科融合的跨学科研究与学科后备人才培养;充分利用国家政策和社会力量发展学科。

Considering disciplines as its core,a world-class university must have world-class disciplines.Building world-class disciplines is a long-term task of the reform and development of higher education in China.Based on the analysis of essential factors t of world-class discipline formation,some experience on how to build world-class disciplines can be learned.Through the research on world-class disciplines of the world-class universities,some of their essential factors are found as follows:an idea to pursue academic excellence and disciplinary continuous development;a headmaster with the courage and vision to make disciplinary breakthrough;several academic leaders with outstanding academic creativity,who are the key to forming world-class disciplines;adequate world-class landmark achievements;interdisciplinary research and reserve talent training;and the full use of national policies and social forces to develop disciplines.