辽代节镇体制研究

A Study of the Jiezhen System of the Liao Dynasty

辽代节镇体制与晚唐五代一脉相承,与宋代节度体系呈现出不同的发展路径。辽代节镇除本州(治州)外,亦下辖支州(属州)。节度使通过带本州刺史衔管理本州,同时加观察使衔统领支州。《辽史·地理志》关于"节度州"统刺史州的说法不够准确,应为"节度使"统州。辽代节镇在行政、军事、财政上直接隶属于中央。辽代实行的是中央—节镇—州—县的管理体制,节镇为辽代最高一级地方行政区划,这是唐五代节镇体制与辽代地方分权政治结合的产物。

In addition to sharing the common heritages from earlier tradition, the Jiezhen( 节镇) system of the Liao dynasty was different from those of the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties in several aspects. As a provincial level governmental official combined with both military and civilian administrative authorities, the governor of a Jiezhen runs its anchor prefecture and some offshoot prefectures as well. The record given by The Official History of the Liao Dynasty concerning the power of the Jiezhen governor is not always accurate. Since Jiezhen as the highest level regional government listened to the central government directly, the Liao actually governmental structure can be described as central government, Jiezhen, prefecture, county. This structure can be understood as a result of the combination of the Jiezhen tradition of the Five Dynasties and the decentralized politics of the Liao itself.