精准医疗及伴随诊断在肺癌中的临床应用

The clinical application of precision medicine and companion diagnostics in lung cancer

肺癌是我国发病率和死亡率最高的肿瘤,属于基因型疾病,患者在分子遗传上具有很强异质性,临床表现复杂多样,相同病理类型的肺癌患者对同一种抗癌药物的治疗反应差异较大,因此,肺癌是在我国实施精准医疗的最佳领域之一。肺癌的发展进程与驱动基因密切相关,驱动基因突变状态为靶向治疗疗效的重要预测因子。随着对肺癌发病机制及其生物学行为研究的深入以及精准医疗的不断发展,以特异性高、不良反应小为特点的分子靶向治疗及免疫治疗成为关注的重点,促进了伴随诊断的发展,使得肺癌的个体化治疗成为可能。对精准医疗及伴随诊断在肺癌中的临床应用进行综述。

Lung cancer is the highest morbidity and mortality tumor in China,and belongs to the genetic disease.The patients have a high heterogeneity in the molecular genetics,and the clinical manifestations are complex and diverse.Patients with the same pathological type of lung cancer have different responses to the same anti-cancer drug.Therefore,lung cancer is one of the best fi eld of the clinical implementation of precision mdeicine in China.The development process of lung cancer is closely related to the driver gene,whose mutation state is also important predictor of targeted therapy effi cacy.With the in-depth research on the pathogenesis and biological characteristics of lung cancer,and the continuous development of precision medicine,molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy characterized by high specifi city and less adverse reaction have become the focus of many medical and research professionals.They promote the development of companion diagnostics,and make individualized treatment of lung cancer possible.This paper reviews the clinical application of precision medicine and companion diagnostics in lung cancer.