情境预防视角下的军队预防犯罪工作

Study on Army's Crime Prevention Work from the Perspective of Situational Crime Prevention

情境预防旨在通过设计、调整和改造犯罪赖以发生的客观外部环境来预防犯罪,与传统模式相比具有直接性、经济性、便捷性、高效性的特点。军队高度集中统一的环境和严峻的预防犯罪形势决定了情境预防有很大的应用空间。在军队当中,法纪警示教育、人员管理控制、技术防范、安全检查等措施都能发挥情境预防的功能,主要是戒除侥幸心理、消除作案时机、限制作案手段、增加作案难度、营造防卫空间等。要达到良好的预防效果,在情境预防基础上还应辅以社会预防、司法预防和主观改造等手段。

Situational crime prevention aims to prevent crimes by design,regulate or change the objective external environment which crimes rely on,and its means are more directly,inexpensively,easily and efficiently than those traditional ones.The army’s high degree of centralism and unification,as while as its tough situation of crime prevention makes the situational crime prevention means very suitable for it.In the army,the warning education of penal law,the management control of people,the technically prevention methods and the safety check work,etc.can make situational crime prevention function.And they can be used to eliminate the mentality of luck,reduce the crime time,restrict the crime means,increase the difficulty and create prevention space.In order to attain the results expected,social crime prevention,judicial crime prevention and mentally remolding must also be carried out except the situational crime prevention.