明代鲁迷使臣入华进贡初探

Probing into the Tribute of the Envoys of the Lumi to the Ming Dynasty China

明代鲁迷使臣入华进贡始于永乐二十一年,止于万历四十六年,期间尤以嘉靖年间入贡最为频繁,前后达八次之多。明朝对鲁迷使臣的进贡路线、朝贡期限、贡使规模、贡品回赐等进行了规范和约束。鲁迷使团夹杂大批贪图厚利的商贾,虽名朝贡,实图贸易,所谓进献,不过虚名。鲁迷看重的是巨额商业利润,明朝在乎的是巨大政治效应,但正是通过这种贡赐贸易,明与鲁迷互通有无,各取所需,带动了经济、文化、技术、人员等的双向交流、传播、往来,丰富了各自人民的物质精神生活。

Lumi’s envoy came to the Ming Dynasty China for tribute in the Yongle twenty-first year,and ended in Wanli forty-sixth year,more frequently in the period of Jiajing years,more than eight times.In the Ming Dynasty,the tribute route,the period,the scale and the return were regulated and restrained.The Lumi group were with a large number of merchants,although in the name of the tributary,in fact for the trade.The offer was but reclame.The group paid attention to the huge commercial value,but the Ming government focused on the great political effect,which made Lumi and Ming Dynasty take their respective needs for mutual exchange driven by economy,culture,technology and personnel of the two-way communication and exchanges,which enriched their people9 s material and spiritual life.