从边缘参与主流——滇南孔姓彝族姓名符号研究

Participating into the Central from the Peripheral: An Anthropological Study of Yi Kong's Surnames and Zibei Symbol in the South of Yunan

姓氏是家族维护血缘系统的文化符号。按字辈取名是以儒家文化所倡导的"亲亲"原则为基础,借以建立长幼秩序和明辨孝悌之义的重要方式。明清以来,儒家文化在向西南边疆地区传播过程中,汉姓和字辈也常被少数民族借用,成为他们可资利用的文化符号。滇南彝族的"改孔姓"和"按字辈取名"个案表明,身处边缘地区的少数民族群体同样有参与主流文化的意愿。我们应关注他们如何主动采借儒家文化,为自身发展提供新动力,而非将其简单置入"冲击—回应"框架之中予以解释。

Family name is the cultural symbol that family maintains its consanguinity system,While the Zibei is naming custom in the Confucian culture advocated by the“Intimate”principle as the foundation and an important way to build the pecking order and discernment of righteousness,filial piety.In the spread of Confucian culture to the southwest frontier minority areas,this custom is also borrowed by the minority nationalities.From Yunnan Yi's u Kong”and uZibei”case can be found:Ethnic minorities in marginal areas also have the desire to participate in mainstream culture.Understanding this phenomenon can not be simply put into the ushock-response”framework,it should be noted that the group also actively take the Confucian culture shell,to provide its own development momentum.