中美交通事故数据统计方法比较研究

A Comparison of Statistical Survey Metheds of Traffic Accident Data Between China and the Uuited States

在分析中国交通安全现状的基础上,深入探讨中美两国交通事故信息现场采集技术、事故采集系统和交通数据共享研究现状。详细阐述两国在死亡事故定义标准和统计口径规范、交通事故数据来源可靠性和管理机制、事故数据统计体系方面存在的差异性。结合中国交通事故数据管理现状,指出当前事故统计体系存在的主要问题。提出中国事故数据统计体系改善措施,通过统一事故统计标准、保障数据可靠来源、加强开放共享、建立由政府主导、科研院所支撑、企业主体和全民参与的中国事故数据统计和管理体系。为丰富交通事故数据统计体系建设提供一定的参考和借鉴。

Based on analysis of current situation of traffic safety in China,the research status of traffic accidents between China and the U.S.are further discussed,including information collection technology,accidents collection system and traffic data sharing.The differences between the two countries,including definition and statistical standards of death accidents,reliability of data sources,management mechanism,and accident statistics systems,are described in detail.Considering the current situation of data management for traffic accidents in China,the predominant problems in collecting accident data are presented.Measures to improve the statistical systems of accident data are also proposed in China.Specifically,these measures includes unification of statistical standards of accidents,guarantee of reliability of data sources,enhancement of data sharing,and establishment of a statistical and management systems supported by the government,citizens,and scientific research institutes.The results are beneficial for construction of statistical systems of traffic accidents.