宁波帮与中国近代建筑业发展研究

On Ningbobang Group and the Development of Chinese Modern Construction Industry

中国近代建筑史既是一部异域建筑体系被动输入,本土木结构建筑走向解体的历史,也是一部中国社会主动追求建筑现代化、探索建筑本土化的历史。这个过程中,在上海、天津、武汉、宁波等开埠城市,有一批领时代之先的营造商(现称为建筑商)和设计师开始崭露头角,积极参与租界区建设或旧城改建,迅速掌握现代建筑理念和组织结构方式,积极采用新材料、新工艺、新设备,营造了一批具有里程碑意义的建筑,宁波帮营造商和设计师是其中不可忽视的一支力量。在分析宁波帮及其特征、宁波帮在近代建筑行业的崛起、宁波帮与近代建筑遗存、宁波帮建筑文化特征等的基础上,明晰了宁波帮在中国近代建筑业中的发展状况和所取得的成就,分析其成功的原因和对中国近代建筑业发展的贡献,以作为今天城市建设和城市文化发展的借鉴。

The modern Chinese history witnesses the collapse and fall of the traditional wood buildings under the aggression of the exotic architecture system.Meanwhile it also records how the Chinese society pursues the localization of exotic construction and the modernization of the traditional construction.In port cities such as Shanghai,Tianjin,Wuhan and Ningbo,a number of construction contractors and designers began to cut a striking figure by taking active part in the construction of the concession district and urban renewal.They adopted new construction material,new techniques and equipment and built up a series of landmarks.The Ningbobang Group is one of the forces to be reckoned.The paper organizes and summarizes the development of Ningbobang group and its successes in modern construction industry by deliberation on the Ningbobang group and its characteristics,the rise of Ningbobang Group in modern architecture sector,Ningbobang group and its construction remains,cultural characteristics of buildings constructed by Ningbobang group.The causes of Ningbobang group and its contribution to the development of modern architecture industry may provide reference to the present city construction and city culture development.