建国初期工农联盟的巩固——以1954年春节前后重庆、四川、湖南等地实践为例

The Consolidation of the Worker-Peasant Alliance in the Early PRC:An Investigation of the Cases in Chongqing,Sichuan and Hunan around the Spring Festival of 1954

作为人民民主专政的基础,工农联盟在新中国的政治生活中具有举足轻重的作用。以1954年春节前后重庆、四川、湖南等地工农之间的交往互动为主要实例,并结合1949—1954年其他地区的实践状况,可初步考察并呈现建国初期中共巩固工农联盟的具体途径、方式与策略。一方面,中共继承了革命年代的宝贵财富,将工农联盟实践与生产运动紧密结合;更重要的一方面是通过推动工农互访与生产参观、工农联欢、工农座谈等工农之间面对面的互动,以及工农通信这一非面对面的互动,中共试图在巩固实践的过程中重塑工农对工农联盟的认识。

As the basis of the people’s democratic dictatorship,the worker-peasant alliance played a significant role in the political life of newly founded People’s Republic of China(PRC).This paper investigates the cases of interaction between workers and peasants in Chongqing,Sichuan and Hunan around the spring festival of 1954,supplemented by cases in other regions from 1949 to 1954,aiming at finding out the concrete channels,ways and strategies of consolidating the worker-peasant alliance employed by Chinese Party of Communism(CPC)in the early years of the PRC.The CPC inherited the precious wisdom drawn from the years of revolutionary practice,and integrated the practice of the alliance with the production movement.More importantly,by promoting the face-to-face interaction among the workers and peasants,such as mutual visits,informal get-togethers and group discussions,as well as the non-face-to-face interaction,i.e.correspondence,between workers and peasants,the CPC tried to enable workers and peasants to re-understand the alliance through the process of“consolidating”practice.