社会转型期我国邻避群体性事件的形成逻辑及治理路径——基于利益相关者理论的分析视角

The Forming Logic and Governance Path of Mass Incidents Caused by NIMBY During the Period of Social Transition——Based on Perspective of Stakeholders Theory

随着城市化进程的深入,邻避群体性事件已经成为社会转型期影响社会稳定和政府治理的重要因素。社会精英对邻避设施所在地民众的动员及组织、邻避设施的负外部性及选址的"封闭化"、地方政府在邻避群体性事件中的低效回应、大众传媒的"扭曲化"宣传及网络谣言的"泛滥",共同构成了邻避群体性事件的形成逻辑。面对邻避群体性事件的挑战,在以政府为主体、多元利益主体共同配合的基础上,社会精英理性的利益表达和政策参与、相关企业切实履行环境保护的社会责任、地方政府完善的环境决策协商机制及政府回应方式、大众传媒对社会舆论的合理引导,构成了"利益共赢"路径下邻避群体性事件的解决之道。

With rapid urbanization,mass incidents caused by NIMBY have been one of the crucial factors affecting the social stability and governmental governance during the period of social transition.Based on the multiple cases,and through a classification of the stakeholders as well as a theoretical analysis of their interest requests from the perspective of stakeholders theory,this paper shows that the forming logic in mass incidents caused by NIMBY consists in social elites’mobilizing and organization for the people in the area of NIMBY facilities,negative externality in NIMBY facilities and sites selection by closed decision-making,inefficient governmental response in mass incidents,and distorted public voices by mass media and overflow of online rumors.Facing the challenges by mass incidents caused by NIMBY,the solution,based on the cooperation of government as the principle part with cooperation from multiple stakeholders,consists in the path of‘mutual benefits in stakeholders’which is composed of the rational interest articulation and policy participation by the social elites,complete social responsibility of environmental protection by relevant enterprises,perfect consultant mechanism in environmental decision-making as well as the manner of government response,and reasonable guidance of public opinions by mass media.