完善中国海洋环境责任保险立法进路探究

An analysis on perfecting the legislation of marine environmental liability insurance in China

海洋环境责任保险的价值彰显于保护海洋生态环境之公共利益、转移海上生产经营者的污染责任风险,以及补偿受害方经济利益。长期以来,该险种在中国的推行方式仍以政策保障为主,缺乏具体明确的法律规范为依据,制约其发挥功用与长远发展。最近几年,中国正逐步加强立法保障的力度,2017年6月7日,《环境污染强制责任保险管理办法(征求意见稿)》得以发布,初步勾勒了海洋环境责任保险立法保障机制的框架。在此基础上,未来立法趋向应重点补充和完善相应的承保主体机制,制定合理的投保费率与保赔限额,并且实现立法保障与政策保障之间的有效衔接,从而更有效地发挥对海洋环境责任保险的保障功用。

The value of marine environmental liability insurance is demonstrated in protecting the marine ecological environment for public benefits,transferring maritime production operators'risk of liability,and compensating economic damages incurred by injured parties.However,the implementation of such insurance has long been limited in policy guidance,with few effective legislative regulations,which adversely affects its practical value and long-term development.In recent years,China has been gradually strengthening legislative mechanism for marine environmental liability insurance.In addition,Environmental Pollution Mandatory Liability Insurance Management Method(Draft)has been published on June 7th,2017,which initially established the framework of the above legislative mechanism.On such basis,future legislation in this area shall focus on perfecting the mechanism for the underwritings,establishing reasonable premium rates and insurance coverage,and properly combining legislative regulations with policy guidance,so as to effectively maximize the value of marine environmental liability insurance.