论九·一八事变后日本的“外交保障占领”方针

On the Policy of Japanese “Diplomatic Security Occupation” after the Incident of September 18th Incident

"外交保障占领",是九·一八事变后日本若槻内阁按照以前做出的预案而做出的重要方针,核心是追认军方的行动合法,尽力以外交手段美化军方的侵略行为,以使让世界各国"谅解"其占领的合理性。日本政府一方面连发声明、说贴欺瞒各国,为关东军的侵略辩护,将中日纠纷责任推给中方,渲染自己的"不扩大"方针;另一方面又为军方无视须与政府"商洽"的约定而不断扩大事态感到越来越难堪,终致若槻内阁垮台。12月13日,犬养毅组阁,抛开"外交保障占领"的遮羞,赤裸裸地奉行支持军方的方针。

“(Diplomatic Security Occupation)”was an important policy that the Wakatsuki Reijiro’s Cabinet had made according to previous plans.The core of the policy was that the military's actions was legitimate by the Government of Japan.And Japanese government tries to deny the military's act of aggression with diplomatic means so that the big countries of the world show sympathy for Japanese aggression of Northeast China territory.Therefore,Japanese government has issued series statements to puzzle the other countries and defend to the aggression of Kwantung Army.According to the Japanese governments,China bear full responsibility for the incident and Japan will be keep to“non-enlargement policy”.On the other hand,the Japanese army kept expanding aggression and defied the promise that“asking for the Cabinet’s opinion”.Reijiro’s Cabinet felt more and more embarrassed for the army’s act and eventually collapsed.On December 13,1931 Inukai Tsuyoshi formed a new cabinet and he put forward the policy of Diplomatic Security Occupation)and pursued the policy of supporting the military without any conceal.