基于最小二乘反演的拖缆双检鬼波压制方法

Deghosting of dual-sensor marine seismic streamer data using least squares inversion

基于波场传播原理,分别推导了海上拖缆双检地震采集中压力波场和速度波场鬼波算子,建立了检波器接收信号和上行波场线性关系,利用最小二乘反演和匹配滤波算法求解拖缆处上行波场,该方法无需地下介质信息,实现数据驱动鬼波压制,通过引入噪声影响因子,减少因水、陆检信号的信噪比差异对鬼波压制效果的影响。数值模拟资料和拖缆双检实际资料处理结果表明,基于最小二乘反演的拖缆双检鬼波压制方法可以有效压制鬼波能量,拓宽资料频带,有利于后续资料的处理和解释。

The ghost operators for both pressure and velocity wave-fields,for dual-sensor marine seismic streamer acquisition data,are derived based on the wave-field propagation theory,and the linear relationship between the receiver signals and the up-going wave-fields is calculated.Using least squares inversion and matched filtering techniques,the ghost-free wavefield for given depths of the streamer are calculated.The proposed method can achieve a data-driven ghost removal system,without the need for subsurface information.By introducing the noise level factor,the difference between the signal-to-noise ratios(SNR)of a geophone and a hydrophone can be eliminated.Tests using synthetic and dual-sensor marine seismic streamer data showed that the proposed method could attenuate ghosts effectively while broadening bandwidth and providing high quality data for subsequent processing and interpretation.