口蹄疫、猪瘟、高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征三种疫苗同步两点免疫的临床应用

Clinical Application of Simultaneous Two-point Immunization with Three Vaccines for FMD,CSF and HP-PRRS

为评估猪口蹄疫(FMD)、猪瘟(CSF)、高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(HP-PRRS)疫苗不同免疫程序的免疫效果,2014—2016年广西省百色市在原有"333法"免疫程序(即FMD、CSF、HP-PRRS疫苗先后间隔14 d免疫)的基础上,采用"332法"(即先用FMD和CSF疫苗同时在颈部两侧注射,间隔14 d后再用HP-PRRS疫苗注射)和"321法"(即将CSF和HP-PRRS疫苗混合为1针在颈部一侧注射,FMD疫苗单独在颈部另一侧注射)免疫程序进行免疫;应用ELISA方法检测FMD、CSF和HP-PRRS抗体,应用RT-PCR方法检测FMD、CSF和HP-PRRS病原,并统计分析生猪免疫密度、发病率、死亡率、抗体阳性率、病原阳性率、免疫副反应率等指标。结果显示:与"333法"免疫程序相比,"332法"和"321法"的HP-PRRS免疫密度和抗体阳性率显著提高(P<0.05),HP-PRRS病原阳性率、生猪发病率、死亡率显著下降(P<0.05);与"332法"免疫程序相比,"321法"的HP-PRRS免疫密度显著提高,病原阳性率以及生猪发病率、死亡率显著下降(P<0.05)。结果表明:3种免疫程序的FMD、CSF免疫效果无显著差异,但HP-PRRS免疫效果差异显著;HP-PRRS免疫效果中,"332法"和"321法"均优于"333法",而"321法"又优于"332法"。因此,"321法"值得广泛推广应用。

In order to evaluate the immune effects of different vaccination procedures for Foot-and-mouth disease(FMD),Classical swine fever(CSF)and Highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(HP-PRRS),on the basis of the original immunization procedure of“333 method”(FMD,CSF and HP-PRRS vaccines were injected at 14-day intervals),135 townships in Baise City of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region changed to adopt the“332 method”(FMD and CSF vaccines were simultaneously injected at different sides of the neck,HP-PRRS vaccine was injected 14 days later)and“321 method”(CSF and HP-PRRS vaccines were mixed together and injected in one side of the neck,FMD vaccine was simultaneously injected in another side of the neck)during 2014 to 2016.Then antibodies against FMD,CSF and HP-PRRS were detected by ELISA,while the pathogens of FMD,CSF and HPPRRS were detected by RT-PCR.At last,the assessment indexes,including vaccination density,morbidity rate,mortality rate,antibody positive rate,pathogen positive rate,vaccination side-reaction rate and so on,were counted and analyzed.The results showed that,compared with the“333”procedure,the HP-PRRS vaccination density and antibody positive rate increased significantly(P<0.05)by the“332”and“321”vaccination procedure,accordingly,the HP-PRRS positive rate,morbidity rate and mortality rate decreased significantly.Compared with the“332”procedure,HP-PRRS vaccination density increased significantly(P<0.05)by the“321”procedure,and the HP-PRRS positive rate,morbidity rate and mortality rate decreased significantly(P<0.05).The results indicated that among the three vaccination procedures,there was no significant difference in immune effects of FMD and CSF,while there was significant difference in the immune effect of HP-PRRS.For the immune effect of HPPRRS,both“332”and“321”procedures were better than“333”procedure,and“321”procedure was better than“332”procedure,therefore,the“321”procedure should be widely promoted and applied.