我国儿童就医现状及开展分级诊疗的问题与对策研究

Present Situation of Medical Services for Children and Problems and Suggestions in the Implementation of Hierarchical Diagnosis and Treatment for Children in China

当前,我国儿童的医疗服务供给与需求间存在较大差距,就医模式不合理、缺乏分级诊疗是导致儿童"看病难"的重要原因。但医疗资源分布不均衡、基层医疗卫生机构接诊儿童能力有待提高、医保政策未能发挥就医调控作用、家属不能理性评估患儿病情、缺乏政策引导等因素阻碍了儿童分级诊疗的实施。本文在分析了我国儿童就医现状的基础上,提出了有效落实儿童分级诊疗的对策建议,包括均衡医疗资源分布、加强基层医疗卫生机构儿科专业培训、正确引导家属合理就医等,以期为我国儿童分级诊疗的开展和推进提供参考。

At present,there is a big gap between the supply and demand for medical services of children in China.The unreasonable mode of medical service supply and lack of hierarchical diagnosis and treatment for children are important reasons that make it difficult for children to access medical services.However,the unbalanced distribution of medical resources,the bad service quality for children in primary care institutions,the failure of medical insurance policy in medical regulation and control,unreasonable assessment of the condition of children from family members,and lack of policy guidance have hindered the implementation of hierarchical medical system in children.Thus,based on the current situation of medical services for children in China,this paper puts forward some suggestions on how to effectively implement the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment of children,including balancing the distribution of medical resources,strengthening professional training of pediatrics in primary health care institutions,and providing proper guidance about reasonable medical treatment for family members,in order to provide a reference for the implementation of hierarchical diagnosis and treatment of children.