番茄砧/穗残株高效再利用技术研究

Studies on Efficient Reuse Technology of Tomato Rootstock/Scion Residue

为探明番茄嫁接后砧木、接穗残株再生性及再利用的可行性,以番茄砧木品种久绿787和接穗品种佳红4号为试材,研究砧木、接穗残株再生苗的生长发育进程,比较再生苗与初次嫁接苗的愈合情况和生长指标。结果表明:番茄嫁接后砧木残株可扦插再生、接穗残株可腋芽再生形成完整的幼苗,与播种形成幼苗相比,砧木残株扦插苗和接穗残株腋芽再生苗达到嫁接苗龄的时间可缩短16 d;利用砧木、接穗残株嫁接,嫁接苗成活率、接合力、输导能力及后期生长参数与初次嫁接苗差异不显著。通过嫁接苗培养成本比较,利用砧/穗残株进行嫁接的幼苗生产成本明显低于初次嫁接苗,按每万株嫁接苗计,可节约成本875.5元。说明番茄嫁接后砧/穗残株可以嫁接再利用,并可明显提高经济效益。

In order to clarify the feasibility of regeneration and grafting reuse of rootstock and scion after tomato grafting,this paper took tomato‘Jiulyu 787’as rootstock and‘Jiahong No.4’as scion,and studied on the growth and development process of rootstock and scion residue regeneration seedlings,and compared the healing and growth indexes of residue grafting seedlings with primary grafting seedlings.The results showed that the residue stock of the rootstock could be regenerated by cutting,and the residue scion could be regenerated from the axillary bud to form a complete seedling after grafting,thus shortening the breeding period for 16 days.Comparing with the primary grafting seedlings,the survival rate,resultant force,transporting capacity and late growth parameters had no significant differences when grafted with rootstock and scion residue.And the cost of residue grafting seedlings was obviously lower than that of the primary grafting seedlings.Every 10 000 grafted seedlings could save 875.5 yuan,indicating the grafted rootstock and scion residue could be regenerated and grafted again,and the economic benefits could be improved obviously.