自身免疫性脑炎诊断及治疗研究新进展

New Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Autoimmune Encephalitis

自身免疫性脑炎(AE)是一组抗原抗体相关疾病,其临床诊断主要依据临床表现、自身抗体检测和影像学检查等方面。在目前的临床工作中,患者出现急性或亚急性发病的认知功能障碍、痫性发作和精神症状,即可考虑AE的诊断。近年来,随着抗体检测技术的提升,医学影像学技术的发展,新类型AE逐渐被人们发现,AE的诊断及治疗也有明显改善。目前我国AE临床及基础研究尚处于起步阶段,本文就国内外AE最新的临床诊断指南、专家共识及治疗方面的研究进展进行总结,以进一步提高对该病的临床诊断率及临床疗效。

Autoimmune encephalitis(AE)is a group of disorders associated with antibodies to neuronal cell surface antigens,which is diagnosed mainly by clinical manifestations,results of autoantibody detection and imaging examinations.Currently,the diagnosis of AE can be performed when the patient has acute or subacute onset of cognitive dysfunction,epileptic seizures and abnormal psychiatric symptoms.In recent years,with the improvement of antibody detection techniques,the development of medical imaging technology,new types of AE have been gradually found,and the diagnosis and treatment of AE have also been improved significantly.At present,China's clinical and basic studies of AE are still in the infancy period.In view of this,in this article,we summarized the latest domestic and international diagnostic guidelines,expert consensus on the diagnosis of AE and new developments in the treatment of AE,with a view to further improving the diagnosis and treatment of this disease in China.