氧化应激相关的早产儿和新生儿疾病研究进展

Research Advances in Oxidative Stress-related Disease in Premature and Newborn Infants

自由基生成和抗氧化防御机制之间存在着一个平衡点。当机体的自由基产物与抗氧化能力之间失衡时,便会发生氧化应激(OS)。许多报道将OS定义为增强的活性氧或活性氮和缺乏抗氧化剂保护能力之间的不平衡。从这个角度来看,由OS引起的自由基反应所导致的损伤很可能引起多种早产儿、新生儿疾病,如脑室周围白质软化病、呼吸窘迫综合征、支气管肺发育不良、早产儿视网膜病变、坏死性小肠结肠炎、动脉导管未闭、宫内生长迟缓等。本文回顾了OS相关的早产儿、新生儿疾病及其发生机制,也概述了相关的诊断和治疗策略,总结了未来的研究方向,以期为治疗这些疾病和发现新的诊断技术提供借鉴。

There is a crucial balance between free radical production and antioxidant defense mechanisms.Oxidative stress(OS)occurs when the free-radical product is out of balance with its antioxidant capacity in body.Many reports have defined OS as an imbalance between an enhanced reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and the lack of protective ability of antioxidants.From that point of view,free radical-induced damage caused by OS seems to be a probable contributing factor to the pathogenesis of many diseases in premature and newborn infants,such as periventricular leukomalacia,respiratory distress syndrome,bronchopulmonary dysplasia,retinopathy of prematurity,necrotizing enterocolitis,patent ductus arteriosus,intrauterine growth retardation and so on.We reviewed oxidative stress-related disease in premature and newborn infants and the mechanism of oxidative damage,and outlined the targeted diagnostic and therapeutic strategies and future directions of study,providing a reference for the treatment and development of new diagnostic techniques for these diseases.