机载激光武器热管理系统研究

Study on Thermal Management of Airborne Laser Weapon

配备激光武器是下一代军用飞机的典型标志之一。激光武器将电能转换为激光的效率仅为10%~20%,导致激光武器工作周期内热载荷达到106W量级。在短时间内要将如此大的热量实时消散所需的冷却系统十分庞大,这与机载设备的体积重量要求相矛盾。讨论了未来机载激光武器热管理解决方案及其可能采用的技术,如相变储能技术、环路热管技术、强化换热技术等。通过分析认为,相变储热技术的应用能够有效应对高功率激光器热流对机载热管理系统的冲击,是飞机热管理系统未来发展的一种必然趋势。

Laser weapon is thought to be a sign of next generation fighter plane.The heat produced by laser during working cycle has reached a level as high as 106W,while electric-photovoltaic conversion of laser weapon was only 10%-20%.A bulky cooling equipment will be needed to clear the heat off,which can’t meet the strict standard of bulk and weight on plane.This topic discussed several projects to solve the problem,such as phase change energy storage technology,loop heat pipe technology and enhanced heat transfer technology.It is concluded that the application of phase change storage technology can effectively deal with the impact of high power laser heat flux on airborne thermal management system,and it is an inevitable trend of the development of aircraft thermal management system.