中央点名通报、地方环境规制与经济增长

The Central Government's Name Notification, Local Environmental Regulation and Economic Growth

地方政府作为环境治理的主体力量,决定着环境治理的成败,也影响着地方经济的发展。检验政府环境治理对经济增长的影响有助于地方政府提高环境治理认识。因此,本文选取环保部"点名通报"作为鉴别政府环境规制的因素,来检验"点名通报-环境规制-经济增长"这一作用机制。研究结果显示:环保部"点名通报"通过激励地方政府环境治理,强化环境规制与经济增长"倒U型"关系;环保部"点名通报"通过环境规制对地方产业结构调整产生显著影响,促进地方产业结构升级;环保部"点名通报"的经济增长效应存在地区异质性;环保部点名通报地区的环境规制对滞后一期国内生产总值、人均国内生产总值、工业企业增值税额存在显著"倒U型"关系。基于此,本文提出进一步强化环保部垂直监管,加强环保督查、约谈、直接执法等垂直监管措施,弥补地方环保机构双重领导正式制度缺陷;同时,优化地方环保机构职权安排,强化环保部统一安排地方环保执法工作,完善地方环保人员作为环境系统专门化人才晋升通道。

As the main force of environmental governance,local government determines the success of environmental governance,and also affects the development of local economy.The test of the influence of government environmental governance on economic growth will help local governments to raise awareness of environmental governance.Therefore,this article selects the Ministry of Environmental Protection name notification to examine the mechanism of"name notification-environmental regulation-economic growth".The results showed that:Name notification strengthened the relationship between environmental regulation and economic growth which is inverted U type;The name notification significantly affected the adjustment of the local industrial structure;There is regional heterogeneity in the economic growth effect of the name notification;The environmental regulation of the notified area has a significant inverted U relationship to the lagging economic growth.Therefore,this paper proposes to further strengthen the vertical supervision of the Ministry of Environmental Protection.We should strengthen vertical supervision measures such as environmental supervision,interview,direct law enforcement and so on,to make up for the defects of the formal system of dual leadership of local environmental protection institutions.At the same time,it is necessary to optimize the functions and powers of local environmental protection institutions.Local environmental protection work should be arranged by the Ministry of Environmental Protection.And also establish the promotion channel for local environmental protection personnel.