基于典型事故案例的储罐安全管理改进探讨

Discuss on Improvement of Storage Tank Safe Management Based on Classical Accident Cases

储罐是石油行业重要的基础设施。预防储罐火灾爆炸事故具有重要意义。以往研究方法侧重于特定事故原因、经过和损失分析,研究成果不具有普遍意义和推广价值。英国政府针对邦斯菲尔德油库火灾爆炸事故的做法值得借鉴,如公开发布调查报告、设立网站共享经验教训等。深入研究了国内外典型储罐事故的经验教训,包括设备故障、制造缺陷、雷击、静电、明火、违规操作施工和电气火花短路等,并将其升华、提炼,最终落实到我国储罐设计、运行和安全等领域的相关标准中。最后针对提高我国储罐运行管理的技术水平,提出了合理化建议和研究方向。

Storage tank was the important facilities in the petroleum industry.It was great importance to prevent tank fire and explosion accident.The previous study method of storage tank accident cases focused on specific accident reason,process and loss analysis,that the research results are not of universal significance and application value.It was worth of learning the practice for British government dealing with Buncefield tank farm explosion and fire accident,such as publishing open investigation report,and developing website for sharing lessons.The lessons of domestic and overseas typical storage tank accident cases were studied in detail,including facilities failure,manufacturing defect,lighting,static,flame,illegal operation and construction,and electric spark short circuit,and refining,and ultimately implemented in China tank design,operation and safety standards.Finally,reasonable suggestion and study direction was put forward for improving China tank operation and management level.