马克思实践人学及其对个人发展的理论意义探析

Marx'Practical Humanism and Its Theoretical Significance to Individual Development

马克思对人的理解经历了一个从"抽象的个人"到"现实的个人"的转变过程,基于这种转变,马克思发现了"现实的个人"的实践。马克思实践人学认为,"现实的个人"是社会历史性的存在,社会发展的实质就是个人的发展,个人的发展与社会的发展是辩证统一的。马克思实践人学开创了实践的思维方式,要求个人的发展以实践为基础,主张通过实践达成个人自身的良好发展以及与现存世界的良性互动。同时,马克思实践人学还要求对现实世界采取批判的态度,个人的发展应以对现实世界的批判为基础。

Marx’understanding of man experiences a transitional process from“the abstract individual”to“the realistic individual”.His theory of practical humanism believes that“the realistic individual”is a social history existence where the nature of social development is the individual’s development and they make dialectical unity.It creates a practical thinking mode and requires practice as the foundation.It asks to use practice to achieve the goal of individual’s healthy development with a good interaction with the world.Meanwhile,it also requires critical attitude to the real world.An individual’s development should be based on the criticism on the real world.