对敖鲁古雅乡“圣诞节”的人类学分析

Anthropological Analysis on Aoluguya Town “Christmas”

敖鲁古雅鄂温克族是我国唯一饲养驯鹿的民族,其聚居地内蒙古呼伦贝尔市根河市敖鲁古雅乡素有"中国驯鹿之乡"的称号。在2003年实行生态搬迁后,敖鲁古雅乡开始以驯鹿文化为核心,对当地的民族文化与自然资源进行旅游开发,并在其发展过程中由政府主导打造出了地方性的冬季旅游节日——敖鲁古雅圣诞节。本文通过人类学的田野调查和参与观察方法,旨在探讨旅游业发展中敖鲁古雅乡圣诞节的发明过程,并就其本土化过程,分析背后的原因。

Aoluguya Ewenki is the only nation that breeds reindeer in China.The place of the settlement-Aoluguya town Genhe City Hulun Buir Inner Mongolia-has the title of“reindeer country of China”.After the ecological relocation in 2003,taking reindeer culture as the core,Aoluguya town carries out tourism development of local national culture and natural resources.In the development process,the government has made the local winter tourism festival-Aoluguya christmas.Based on an anthropological field survey and a participatory approach,the author exploresthe process of inventions in the development of the tourism industry in the Aoluguya Town Christmas.This thesis also analyzes the reasons in the process of its localization.