论毛泽东对“中庸”的诠释

On Mao Zedong's Interpretation of “the Mean”

中庸是儒家哲学的重要概念,自孔子提出后,一直受到世人的重视。毛泽东也对"中庸"做过自己的诠释。其内容可概括为两方面:第一,特别注重发掘"中庸"思想的现实意义,即以两条路线来诠释"中庸",认为"过"和"不及"分别为"左"倾与"右"倾,而这两者都是不好的,因此"中庸"即为"从量上去找出与确定质而反对‘左’‘右’倾"。第二,认为"中庸"的思想具有两重性,既有符合辩证法的一面,又有与辩证法相违背的一面。但两者相比,后者才是主要的方面。尽管毛泽东对"中庸"的评价可进一步分析,但其采用正反两方面的辩证思维及运用两条路线等马克思主义理论去诠释"中庸",显然在"中庸诠释史"上有很重要的理论与实践价值。

The thought of“the Mean”,the important concept of Confucian philosophy,has always been valued since its proposal from Confucius.MAO Ze-dong’s interpretation of this concept can be summarized in two aspects.First,Mao explored the practical significance of“the Mean”through two lines-u going beyond”and“falling short”,reflecting as“left-leaning”and“right-leaning’’respectively,both of which are not advisable.Therefore,the course of“the Mean”is to see through the appearance to perceive the essence,and then oppose both the inclination of“left-leaning”and“rightleaning”.Second,Mao held the idea that the thought of“the Mean’’embodies duality:conforming to Dialectics and going against Dialectics,the latter of which is the major aspect.Mao?s evaluation of the Mean”could be further analyzed,and his interpretation of it through Marxist theory,like dialectical thinking about the obverse and reverse of anything,and the two lines,possesses very important theoretical and practical values in the history of the interpretation of“the Mean’.