基于洛伦茨曲线和基尼系数的榆林市用水结构时空演化及其驱动力分析

Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Evolution and Driving Forces of Water Consumption Structure in Yulin City Based on Lorenz Lurve and Gini Coefficients

用水结构研究对于实现区域水资源合理配置、指导区域经济协调发展具有重要意义。利用洛伦茨曲线和基尼系数模型,分析各类型用水的空间分布及其变化特点。在基于层次聚类分析法对榆林市用水结构进行分区的基础上,利用生态位及其熵值模型分析了各个分区内不同类型用水随时间的变化趋势。并进一步分析了国外发达国家的用水结构,结合我国水资源管理战略,提出了榆林市用水结构未来发展的参考意见。结果显示:榆林市仍以农业用水为主;近几年,工业用水和生活用水具有上扬趋势,但空间差异较大;用水结构均衡度整体朝着更有利的方向发展;从空间分布上看,榆林市用水结构呈现三区划,榆阳区所在分区以农业用水为主,府谷县所在分区以工业用水为主,吴堡县所在分区以民生供水为主。研究表明,榆林市未来的用水总量仍将处于快速增长期,供需矛盾将依旧十分突出,推行有效的节水措施迫在眉睫。

The study on water consumption structure is of great importance to realize reasonable allocation of region water resource and harmonious development of society and economy.Lorenz curve and Gini coefficients model were built in this study to analyze the spatial distribution and characteristics of water consumption structure in Yulin.Niche and niche entropy model were also introduced to analyze the trends of different types of water used in three partitions with time based on clustering hierarchy analysis on water consumption partitions in Yulin.Additionally,water consumption structure in Yulin was compared with the ones of developed countries,and some suggestions were further proposed for water consumption structure development in the future combined with national water resources management strategy.The results show that water consumption in Yulin is still dominated by agricultural water use.Although industrial and domestic water consumption have a growth trend in recent years,they varied greatly in spatial distribution.On the whole,the balance degree of water consumption structure in Yulin is getting better.On the view of spatial distribute,water consumption structure in Yulin can be divided into three zones.Zone one represented by Yuyang district is dominated by agricultural water consumption,zone two represented by Fugu county is by industrial water consumption and the last zone represented by Wubu county is by domestic water consumption.Overall,the total amount of water consumption in Yulin will remain rapid growth in the future.The contradiction between water supply and demand remains very acute.Therefore,taking effective measures is of great importance to Yulin City′s water consumption management.