摘要
流域水资源配置是水资源管理的重要内容,选定水资源配置方案时,需要了解在规划的水资源配置方案下,旱区生态水文系统的演化状态。基于塔里木河水资源配置方案,应用干旱区河岸植被生态水文演化模型,模拟了英苏断面地下水位和植被覆盖度的演化过程,并分析了水资源配置方案的生态水文效果。结果显示:规划水平年2020年推荐采用连续丰水年情景,在此情景下,英苏断面每年过水142 d,平均地下水位为829.78 m,植被覆盖度的平均值为0.492 3。与其他3个情景(平水年、枯水年、丰平枯)相比,它的过水时间、地下水位和植被覆盖度都更大。规划水平年2030年推荐采用连续丰水年情景,与其他3个情景(平水年、枯水年、丰平枯)相比,它的过水时间、地下水位和植被覆盖度都更大。在新的水资源配置方案下,如果保障下游的生态用水,若干年后下游植被可以明显恢复。生态水文演化模型的模拟结果为水资源配置方案的评价和选择提供了重要依据。
Water resources allocation of the watershed is an important content of water resources management.What states will the ecohydrological system in arid areas evolve to under the water resources allocation scheme,is the question that should be answered when selecting the water resources allocation scheme.Based on the results of water resources allocation schemes in the Tarim River,this paper applied the ecohydrological evolution model on riparian vegetation in arid area to simulate the evolution of groundwater level and vegetation coverage at Yingsu section,and analyzed the ecological and hydrological effects of the water resources allocation scheme.The results show that,in the planning year of 2020,it recommends continuous wet year scenario.In this scenario,there is the water flowing at the Yingsu section on 142 days every year,the average groundwater level is 829.78 m and the average vegetation coverage is 0.492 3.Compared with the other three scenarios in 2020,the time with flow,the groundwater level and the vegetation coverage are larger.In the planning year of 2030,it recommends continuous wet year scenario.Compared with the other three scenarios in 2030,the time with flow,the groundwater level and the vegetation coverage are larger.It also shows that,under the new water resources allocation schemes,if the ecological water in the lower reach can be guaranteed,the vegetation will be effectively recovered after a few years.The simulation results of ecohydrological evolution model supply important references for the evaluation and select of water resources allocation schemes.
作者
赵冠南
刘登峰
栾金凯
白涛
黄强
冯九梁
林木
ZHAO Guannan;LIU Dengfeng;LUAN Jinkai;BAI Tao;HUANG Qiang;FENG Jiuliang;LIN Mu(CCTEG Xi′an Research Institute,Xi′an 710077,China;State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area,School of Water Resources and Hydropower,Xi′an University of Technology,Xi′an 710048,China;Shanxi Province Water and Soil Conservation and Ecological Environment Construction Center,Taiyuan 030002,China;School of Statistics and Mathematics,Central University of Finance and Economics,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《华北水利水电大学学报(自然科学版)》
2018年第1期48-56,共9页
Journal of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power:Natural Science Edition
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0405900)
国家自然科学基金项目(51779203
51609270)
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2016JQ5105)
榆林市科技计划项目(2016-21)
关键词
水资源配置
生态水文模型
生态水文演化过程
社会水文学
塔里木河
water resources allocation
ecohydrological model
ecohydrological evolution processes
socio-hydrology
the Tarim River