基于GIS技术的辽宁省山洪灾害风险区划研究

Analysis on Risk Division of Mountain Torrent Disaster in Liaoning Province on GIS Technique

依据辽宁省1970—2013年的基础资料,包括降水、水位流量、数字高程与历史山洪灾害资料,采用临界雨量系数法与表面分析法,应用GIS平台进行多层属性信息的空间叠加与分析,获得辽宁省山洪灾害风险区划,以期为辽宁省防洪减灾决策提供理论依据。研究结果表明:大连市、鞍山市、抚顺市、本溪市、营口市、丹东市、朝阳市和葫芦岛市属于山洪灾害防治重点区域,其中,大连市、鞍山市、本溪市、营口市和丹东市重点防治的灾害类型是溪河洪水、泥石流和滑坡,抚顺市重点防治的灾害类型是溪河洪水,朝阳市重点防治的灾难类型是溪河洪水与泥石流,葫芦岛市应重点防治泥石流与滑坡;其他各市分别存在一种或两种中易发风险的灾害,应针对当地实际制定相应防范措施。

According to the basic data of Liaoning Province in 1970-2013,including precipitation,water level and flow,digital elevation and historical mountain torrent data,by the critical rainfall coefficient method and surface analysis method,with spatial overlay and analysis of multiple attribute information on GIS platform,risk division of mountain torrent disaster in Liaoning Province is obtained to provide a theoretical basis for decision-making for flood control and disaster reduction in Liaoning Province.The results show that:Dalian,Anshan,Fushun,Benxi,Yingkou,Dandong,Chaoyang and Huludao situate in the major areas of mountain torrent disaster.Among them,disaster types needed prevention and control in Dalian,Benxi,Yingkou,Dandong are river flood,debris flow and landslide,in Fushun are river flood,in Chaoyang are river flood and debris flow,in Huludao are debris flow and landslide,and in the other cities there exists one or two types of disasters with medium incidental risk.Therefore,precautionary measures should be made on the basis of actual local condition.